Moban

First Generation Antipsychotics

Oral Administration Oral Solid Formulations

May take with or without food. If stomach upset or nausea occur, take with food.

Severe

seizures / Delayed / 0-1.0
pancytopenia / Delayed / Incidence not known
aplastic anemia / Delayed / Incidence not known
hemolytic anemia / Delayed / Incidence not known
agranulocytosis / Delayed / Incidence not known
akinesia / Delayed / Incidence not known
neuroleptic malignant syndrome / Delayed / Incidence not known
tardive dyskinesia / Delayed / Incidence not known
stroke / Early / Incidence not known
water intoxication / Delayed / Incidence not known
SIADH / Delayed / Incidence not known

Moderate

urinary retention / Early / 1.0-10.0
blurred vision / Early / 1.0-10.0
constipation / Delayed / 1.0-10.0
galactorrhea / Delayed / 1.0-10.0
leukopenia / Delayed / 0-1.0
elevated hepatic enzymes / Delayed / 0-1.0
sinus tachycardia / Rapid / 0-1.0
hypotension / Rapid / 0-1.0
thrombocytopenia / Delayed / Incidence not known
eosinophilia / Delayed / Incidence not known
neutropenia / Delayed / Incidence not known
akathisia / Delayed / Incidence not known
dystonic reaction / Delayed / Incidence not known
pseudoparkinsonism / Delayed / Incidence not known
depression / Delayed / Incidence not known
euphoria / Early / Incidence not known
priapism / Early / Incidence not known
orthostatic hypotension / Delayed / Incidence not known
hyperprolactinemia / Delayed / Incidence not known
dysphagia / Delayed / Incidence not known
hyperthermia / Delayed / Incidence not known
hyponatremia / Delayed / Incidence not known

Mild

hypersalivation / Early / 1.0-10.0
xerostomia / Early / 1.0-10.0
nausea / Early / 1.0-10.0
gynecomastia / Delayed / 1.0-10.0
amenorrhea / Delayed / 1.0-10.0
leukocytosis / Delayed / 0-1.0
drowsiness / Early / 10.0
purpura / Delayed / Incidence not known
fever / Early / Incidence not known
tremor / Early / Incidence not known
syncope / Early / Incidence not known
rash / Early / Incidence not known
libido increase / Delayed / Incidence not known
weight gain / Delayed / Incidence not known
weight loss / Delayed / Incidence not known
hypothermia / Delayed / Incidence not known
polydipsia / Early / Incidence not known

Dementia, geriatric, stroke

Geriatric patients may be more susceptible to the actions and adverse effects of conventional antipsychotics, including tardive dyskinesia, dystonias, orthostatic hypotension, and risk for falls and fractures. Initiate treatment with lower doses followed by careful dosage titration and close monitoring. Antipsychotics are not approved for the treatment of dementia-related psychosis in geriatric patients and the use of molindone in this population should be avoided if possible due to an increase in morbidity and mortality in elderly patients with dementia receiving antipsychotics. Deaths have typically resulted from heart failure, sudden death, or infections. An increased incidence of cerebrovascular adverse events (e.g., stroke, transient ischemic attack), including fatal events, has also been reported. The Beers Criteria consider antipsychotics to be potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in elderly patients and use should be avoided except for treating schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. The Beers panel recommends avoiding molindone in geriatric patients with delirium, dementia, or Parkinson's disease. Non-pharmacological strategies are first-line options for treating delirium- or dementia-related behavioral problems unless they have failed or are not possible and the patient is a substantial threat to self or others. If antipsychotic use is necessary in geriatrics with a history of falls or fractures, consider reducing the use of other CNS depressants and implement other fall risk strategies. Due to the potential for antipsychotic-induced hyponatremia and SIADH, sodium levels should be closely monitored when molindone is initiated and after dose changes. According to the federal Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) regulations in residents of long-term care facilities, antipsychotic therapy should only be initiated in a patient with behavioral or psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) when the patient is a danger to self or others or has symptoms due to mania or psychosis. For acute conditions persisting beyond 7 days, appropriate non-pharmacologic interventions must be attempted, unless clinically contraindicated and documented. OBRA provides general dosing guidance for antipsychotic treatment of BPSD. Antipsychotics are subject to periodic review for effectiveness, medical necessity, gradual dose reduction (GDR), or rationale for continued use. Refer to the OBRA guidelines for complete information.

Moban

Rx

Oral conventional non-phenothiazine antipsychotic
Used for the treatment of schizophrenia
High extrapyramidal effects, low sedative effects, and low anticholinergic effects

For the treatment of schizophrenia. Oral dosage Adults

Initially, 50 to 75 mg/day PO in 3 or 4 divided doses. May increase to 100 mg/day after 3 or 4 days. Adjust to response and tolerance. Geriatric or debilitated patients should generally be started on a lower dosage than the recommended initial dose for younger adults. Maintenance dosage varies according to severity of symptoms as follows: 5 to 15 mg PO 3 to 4 times daily for mild symptoms, 10 to 25 mg 3 to 4 times daily for moderate symptoms, and up to 225 mg/day given in divided doses for severe symptoms. The dosage should be individualized.

Children and Adolescents 12 years and older

Initially, 50 to 75 mg/day PO in 3 or 4 divided doses, titrated after 3 or 4 days to 100 mg/day. Titrate based on response and tolerance. Maintenance dosage varies according to severity of symptoms as follows: 5 to 15 mg PO 3 to 4 times daily for mild symptoms, 10 to 25 mg 3 to 4 times daily for moderate symptoms, and up to 225 mg/day given in divided doses for severe symptoms. The dosage should be individualized.

For the treatment of severe behavioral or psychological symptoms of dementia† (BPSD)†. Oral dosage Geriatric Adults

Dosage not established. Antipsychotics are not FDA-approved for this indication and the labeling of all antipsychotics contains a boxed warning noting an increased risk of death in geriatric patients being treated for behavioral problems associated with dementia. The federal Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) regulates the use of antipsychotics in long-term care facility (LTCF) residents with dementia-related behavioral symptoms. OBRA Max: 10 mg/day PO in residents meeting the OBRA criteria for treatment, except when documentation is provided showing that higher doses are necessary to maintain or improve the resident's functional status. In addition, the facility must attempt a gradual dose reduction (GDR) in 2 separate quarters, at least 1 month apart, within the first year of admission to the facility or after the facility has initiated an antipsychotic, unless clinically contraindicated. After the first year, a GDR must be attempted annually unless clinically contraindicated. The GDR may be considered clinically contraindicated if the target symptoms returned or worsened after the most recent GDR attempt within the facility and the physician has documented justification for why attempting additional dose reductions at that time would likely impair the resident's function or increase distressed behavior.

†Indicates off-label use

Hepatic Impairment

Specific guidelines for dosage adjustments in hepatic impairment are not available.

Renal Impairment

Specific guidelines for dosage adjustments in renal impairment are not available; it appears that no dosage adjustments are needed.

Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Dihydrocodeine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like dihydrocodeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Acetaminophen; Codeine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Acetaminophen; Dichloralphenazone; Isometheptene: (Moderate) The CNS depressant effects of dichloralphenazone can be potentiated by other CNS depressants including molindone.
Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like hydrocodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Acetaminophen; Oxycodone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like oxycodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Acetazolamide: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Aldesleukin, IL-2: (Moderate) Aldesleukin, IL-2 may affect CNS function significantly. Therefore, psychotropic pharmacodynamic interactions could occur following concomitant administration of drugs with significant CNS or psyhcotropic activity. Use with caution.
Alfentanil: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like alfentanil with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Alprazolam: (Moderate) Concomitant administration of alprazolam with CNS-depressant drugs, including antipsychotics, can potentiate the CNS effects of either agent.
Amantadine: (Moderate) Although the mechanism of amantadine is not clear, it may potentiate the actions of dopamine. Since molindone is a dopamine antagonist, this drug is best avoided when possible in patients with Parkinson's disease who require amantadine therapy.
Amifampridine: (Major) Carefully consider the need for concomitant treatment with molindone and amifampridine, as coadministration may increase the risk of seizures. If coadministration occurs, closely monitor patients for seizure activity. Seizures have been observed in patients without a history of seizures taking amifampridine at recommended doses. Molindone may increase the risk of seizures.
Amitriptyline: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Amoxapine: (Moderate) Use caution during co-administration of amoxapine and molindone. Amoxapine exhibits some antipsychotic activity and may increase the risk of tardive dyskinesia or neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) when antipsychotics are given concurrently. CNS effects, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, and lowering of seizure threshold are potential problems with the combined use of amoxapine and antipsychotics.
Amphetamine: (Major) Concurrent use of antipsychotics and amphetamines should generally be avoided. Antipsychotics and amphetamines may interact pharmacodynamically to diminish the therapeutic effects of either agent through opposing effects on dopamine. Amphetamines are thought to block central dopamine reuptake, which has the potential to exacerbate psychosis, and antipsychotics, which are central dopamine antagonists, may diminish the effectiveness of amphetamines.
Amphetamine; Dextroamphetamine Salts: (Major) Concurrent use of antipsychotics and amphetamines should generally be avoided. Antipsychotics and amphetamines may interact pharmacodynamically to diminish the therapeutic effects of either agent through opposing effects on dopamine. Amphetamines are thought to block central dopamine reuptake, which has the potential to exacerbate psychosis, and antipsychotics, which are central dopamine antagonists, may diminish the effectiveness of amphetamines.
Amphetamine; Dextroamphetamine: (Major) Concurrent use of antipsychotics and amphetamines should generally be avoided. Antipsychotics and amphetamines may interact pharmacodynamically to diminish the therapeutic effects of either agent through opposing effects on dopamine. Amphetamines are thought to block central dopamine reuptake, which has the potential to exacerbate psychosis, and antipsychotics, which are central dopamine antagonists, may diminish the effectiveness of amphetamines.
Anticholinergics: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Aripiprazole: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects might be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Asenapine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Aspirin, ASA; Caffeine; Orphenadrine: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Aspirin, ASA; Carisoprodol; Codeine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone. (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Aspirin, ASA; Oxycodone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like oxycodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Atropine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Atropine; Difenoxin: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur. (Moderate) Concurrent administration of diphenoxylate/difenoxin with molindone can potentiate the CNS-depressant effects of diphenoxylate/difenoxin. Use caution during coadministration.
Baclofen: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Belladonna; Opium: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur. (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like opium with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Benzhydrocodone; Acetaminophen: (Major) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like benzhydrocodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medications with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, reduce initial dosage and titrate to clinical response; use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations. Educate patients about the risks and symptoms of excessive CNS depression.
Benzoic Acid; Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Benzphetamine: (Major) Concurrent use of antipsychotics and amphetamines should generally be avoided. Antipsychotics and amphetamines may interact pharmacodynamically to diminish the therapeutic effects of either agent through opposing effects on dopamine. Amphetamines are thought to block central dopamine reuptake, which has the potential to exacerbate psychosis, and antipsychotics, which are central dopamine antagonists, may diminish the effectiveness of amphetamines.
Benztropine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Bismuth Subcitrate Potassium; Metronidazole; Tetracycline: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Bismuth Subsalicylate; Metronidazole; Tetracycline: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Brexpiprazole: (Major) Caution is advisable during concurrent use of brexpiprazole with other antipsychotics such as molindone. The risk of drowsiness, dizziness, hypotension, extrapyramidal symptoms, anticholinergic effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may be increased during combined use; therefore, it may be advisable to initiate treatment with lower dosages if combination therapy is deemed necessary. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Bromocriptine: (Major) Avoid concurrent use of molindone and bromocriptine when possible. Molindone results in a decreased efficacy of bromocriptine. The prolactin-lowering effect of bromocriptine is antagonized; the elevation in prolactin levels produced by molindone persists with chronic administration.
Budesonide; Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Buprenorphine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of buprenorphine with other CNS depressants can lead to additive CNS depressive effects. Hypotension, profound sedation, coma, respiratory depression, or death may occur; examples of other CNS depressants can include molindone. Prior to concurrent use of buprenorphine in patients taking a CNS depressant, assess the level of tolerance to CNS depression that has developed, the duration of use, and the patient's overall response to treatment. Consider the patient's use of alcohol or illicit drugs. A dose reduction of one or both drugs may be warranted. It is recommended that the injectable buprenorphine dose be halved for patients who receive other drugs with CNS depressant effects; for the buprenorphine transdermal patch, start with the 5 mcg/hour patch. Monitor patients for sedation or respiratory depression.
Buprenorphine; Naloxone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of buprenorphine with other CNS depressants can lead to additive CNS depressive effects. Hypotension, profound sedation, coma, respiratory depression, or death may occur; examples of other CNS depressants can include molindone. Prior to concurrent use of buprenorphine in patients taking a CNS depressant, assess the level of tolerance to CNS depression that has developed, the duration of use, and the patient's overall response to treatment. Consider the patient's use of alcohol or illicit drugs. A dose reduction of one or both drugs may be warranted. It is recommended that the injectable buprenorphine dose be halved for patients who receive other drugs with CNS depressant effects; for the buprenorphine transdermal patch, start with the 5 mcg/hour patch. Monitor patients for sedation or respiratory depression.
Bupropion: (Major) Drugs which may lower the seizure threshold, such as molindone, should be used with great caution or avoided in patients taking bupropion. The manufacturer recommends low initial dosing and slow dosage titration of bupropion if this combination must be used concurrently; the patient should be closely monitored.
Bupropion; Naltrexone: (Major) Drugs which may lower the seizure threshold, such as molindone, should be used with great caution or avoided in patients taking bupropion. The manufacturer recommends low initial dosing and slow dosage titration of bupropion if this combination must be used concurrently; the patient should be closely monitored.
Buspirone: (Moderate) The combination of buspirone and CNS depressants like the antipsychotics can increase the risk for sedation.
Butalbital; Acetaminophen; Caffeine; Codeine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Butalbital; Aspirin; Caffeine; Codeine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Butorphanol: (Moderate) Concomitant use of butorphanol with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, such as molindone, can potentiate the effects of butorphanol and may lead to additive CNS or respiratory depression. Prior to concurrent use of butorphanol in patients taking a CNS depressant, assess the level of tolerance to CNS depression that has developed, the duration of use, and the patient's overall response to treatment. If these agents are used together, a reduced dosage of butorphanol and/or molindone may be necessary. Carefully monitor the patient for hypotension, CNS depression, and respiratory depression.
Cabergoline: (Moderate) Cabergoline should not be coadministered with molindone due to mutually antagonistic effects on dopaminergic function. The dopamine antagonist action of molindone may diminish the prolactin-lowering ability of cabergoline while the dopamine agonist effects of cabergoline may exacerbate a psychotic disorder, reducing the effectiveness of antipsychotics such as molindone.
Cannabidiol: (Moderate) Monitor for excessive sedation and somnolence during coadministration of cannabidiol and molindone. CNS depressants can potentiate the effects of cannabidiol.
Capsaicin; Metaxalone: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Carbamazepine: (Major) Increased CNS depressant effects can occur during combined use of carbamazepine and molindone. Decreased anticonvulsant efficacy is a possibility when some antipsychotic agents, such as molindone, are administered to patients with a seizure disorder, because some of these drugs lower the seizure threshold. Dosage adjustments may be necessary, and closer monitoring of clinical and/or adverse effects is warranted when carbamazepine is used with molindone.
Carbidopa; Levodopa: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and levodopa may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors. Animal studies have not shown increased toxicity when molindone is given concurrently with representative members of the antiparkinson drugs class.
Carbidopa; Levodopa; Entacapone: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and COMT inhibitors may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors. (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and levodopa may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors. Animal studies have not shown increased toxicity when molindone is given concurrently with representative members of the antiparkinson drugs class.
Cariprazine: (Major) Avoid use of these drugs together due to duplicative therapeutic effects and additive risks for drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and seizures. Cariprazine, like other antipsychotics, has the potential to impair judgment, thinking, or motor skills. The use of cariprazine with other antipsychotic agents, such as molindone, would be expected to have additive risks for pharmacologic effects and adverse reactions. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during combined use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Carisoprodol: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Celecoxib; Tramadol: (Major) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like tramadol with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medications with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, reduce initial dosage and titrate to clinical response; use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations. Also, concomitant use of tramadol increases the seizure risk in patients taking molindone.
Cenobamate: (Moderate) Monitor for excessive sedation and somnolence during coadministration of cenobamate and molindone. Concurrent use may result in additive CNS depression.
Cetirizine: (Moderate) Concurrent use of cetirizine/levocetirizine with molindone should generally be avoided. Coadministration may increase the risk of CNS depressant-related side effects. If concurrent use is necessary, monitor for excessive sedation and somnolence.
Cetirizine; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Concurrent use of cetirizine/levocetirizine with molindone should generally be avoided. Coadministration may increase the risk of CNS depressant-related side effects. If concurrent use is necessary, monitor for excessive sedation and somnolence.
Cetrorelix: (Moderate) Antipsychotics cause hyperprolactinemia and should not be administered concomitantly with cetrorelix since hyperprolactinemia downregulates the number of pituitary GnRH receptors.
Chlordiazepoxide; Amitriptyline: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Chlordiazepoxide; Clidinium: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Chlorpheniramine; Codeine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Chlorpheniramine; Dihydrocodeine; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like dihydrocodeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Chlorpheniramine; Hydrocodone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like hydrocodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Chlorpromazine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Chlorzoxazone: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Clobazam: (Major) Clobazam, a benzodiazepine, may cause drowsiness or other CNS effects which may be potentiated during concurrent use of conventional antipsychotics including molindone. Antipsychotics may lower the seizure threshold and reduce the effectiveness of clobazam as an anticonvulsant. Additionally, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Clomipramine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Clonazepam: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Clorazepate: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive central nervous system (CNS) effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anxiolytics, sedatives, and hypnotics. Caution is advisable during concurrent use.
Clozapine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone and clozapine. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur.
Codeine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Codeine; Guaifenesin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Codeine; Guaifenesin; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Codeine; Phenylephrine; Promethazine: (Moderate) Co-administration of promethazine with molindone may increase the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from these combinations has not been established and data are very limited, the risk may be increased during combined use versus use of an antipsychotic alone. (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Codeine; Promethazine: (Moderate) Co-administration of promethazine with molindone may increase the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from these combinations has not been established and data are very limited, the risk may be increased during combined use versus use of an antipsychotic alone. (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like codeine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
COMT inhibitors: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and COMT inhibitors may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors.
Cyclobenzaprine: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Dantrolene: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Degarelix: (Major) Avoid coadministration of degarelix with molindone due to the risk of reduced efficacy of degarelix. Molindone can cause hyperprolactinemia, which reduces the number of pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors; degarelix is a GnRH analog.
Demeclocycline: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Desipramine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Deutetrabenazine: (Moderate) Monitor for signs and symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), restlessness, and agitation. If NMS is diagnosed, immediately discontinue deutetrabenazine, and provide intensive symptomatic treatment and medical monitoring. Recurrence of NMS has been reported with resumption of drug therapy. If akathisia or parkinsonism develops during treatment, the deutetrabenazine dose should be reduced; discontinuation may be required. Deutetrabenazine is a reversible, dopamine depleting drug and molindone is a dopamine antagonist. The risk for parkinsonism, NMS, or akathisia may be increased with concomitant administration. Additionally, advise patients that concurrent use of deutetrabenazine and drugs that cause CNS depression, such as molindone, may have additive effects and worsen drowsiness or sedation.
Dextroamphetamine: (Major) Concurrent use of antipsychotics and amphetamines should generally be avoided. Antipsychotics and amphetamines may interact pharmacodynamically to diminish the therapeutic effects of either agent through opposing effects on dopamine. Amphetamines are thought to block central dopamine reuptake, which has the potential to exacerbate psychosis, and antipsychotics, which are central dopamine antagonists, may diminish the effectiveness of amphetamines.
Dextromethorphan; Bupropion: (Major) Drugs which may lower the seizure threshold, such as molindone, should be used with great caution or avoided in patients taking bupropion. The manufacturer recommends low initial dosing and slow dosage titration of bupropion if this combination must be used concurrently; the patient should be closely monitored.
Diazepam: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Dicyclomine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Difelikefalin: (Moderate) Monitor for dizziness, somnolence, mental status changes, and gait disturbances if concomitant use of difelikefalin with CNS depressants is necessary. Concomitant use may increase the risk for these adverse reactions.
Diphenoxylate; Atropine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur. (Moderate) Concurrent administration of diphenoxylate/difenoxin with molindone can potentiate the CNS-depressant effects of diphenoxylate/difenoxin. Use caution during coadministration.
dopamine agonists: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and dopamine agonists may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic as an alternative to molindone. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors.
Doxepin: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Doxycycline: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Dronabinol: (Moderate) Molindone may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression thereby having additive effects with other drugs that can cause CNS depression such as dronabinol, THC. Caution is advisable during concurrent use.
Droperidol: (Moderate) Molindone may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression thereby having additive effects with other drugs that can cause CNS depression such as droperidol. Caution is advisable during concurrent use.
Entacapone: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and COMT inhibitors may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors.
Esketamine: (Major) Closely monitor patients receiving esketamine and molindone for sedation and other CNS depressant effects. Instruct patients who receive a dose of esketamine not to drive or engage in other activities requiring alertness until the next day after a restful sleep.
Eszopiclone: (Moderate) A reduction in the dose of eszopiclone should be considered during co-administration of other CNS depressants, such as molindone, to minimize additive sedative effects. In addition, the risk of next-day psychomotor impairment is increased during co-administration of eszopiclone and other CNS depressants, which may decrease the ability to perform tasks requiring full mental alertness such as driving. Antipsychotics with a higher incidence of sedation, such as olanzapine, clozapine, quetiapine, lurasidone, chlorpromazine, and thioridazine, are more likely to interact with eszopiclone. In one evaluation, concurrent use of eszopiclone and olanzapine reduced psychomotor function as measured by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST).
Ethanol: (Major) Advise patients to avoid alcohol consumption while taking CNS depressants. Alcohol consumption may result in additive CNS depression.
Ethiodized Oil: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Ethosuximide: (Moderate) Concomitant use of ethosuximide with molindone can lower the seizure threshold and reduce the effectiveness of ethosuximide as an anticonvulsant. Additive CNS effects, such as drowsiness, may also occur.
Ethotoin: (Moderate) The hydantoins may induce hepatic microsomal enzymes, leading to increased clearance of the antipsychotic agents, such as molindone. Clinicians should monitor for reduced effectiveness of the antipsychotic agent if hydantoin therapy is added. Antipsychotics may also increase CNS depression and also may lower the seizure threshold, producing a pharmacodynamic interaction with anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of the anticonvulsant should be continued when an antipsychotic drug is added.
Felbamate: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Fenfluramine: (Moderate) Monitor for excessive sedation and somnolence during coadministration of fenfluramine and molindone. Concurrent use may result in additive CNS depression.
Fentanyl: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like fentanyl with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Flavoxate: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Fluphenazine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Fosphenytoin: (Moderate) The hydantoins may induce hepatic microsomal enzymes, leading to increased clearance of the antipsychotic agents, such as molindone. Clinicians should monitor for reduced effectiveness of the antipsychotic agent if hydantoin therapy is added. Antipsychotics may also increase CNS depression and also may lower the seizure threshold, producing a pharmacodynamic interaction with anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of the anticonvulsant should be continued when an antipsychotic drug is added.
Gabapentin: (Major) Initiate gabapentin at the lowest recommended dose and monitor patients for symptoms of sedation and somnolence during coadministration of gabapentin and molindone. Concomitant use of gabapentin with molindone may cause additive CNS depression. Educate patients about the risks and symptoms of excessive CNS depression.
Ganirelix: (Moderate) Antipsychotics may cause hyperprolactinemia and should not be administered concomitantly with ganirelix since hyperprolactinemia downregulates the number of pituitary GnRH receptors.
Glycopyrrolate: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Goserelin: (Major) Avoid coadministration of goserelin with molindone due to the risk of reduced efficacy of goserelin. Molindone can cause hyperprolactinemia, which reduces the number of pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors; goserelin is a GnRH analog.
Guaifenesin; Hydrocodone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like hydrocodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Haloperidol: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects might be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Histrelin: (Major) Avoid coadministration of histrelin with molindone due to the risk of reduced efficacy of histrelin. Molindone can cause hyperprolactinemia, which reduces the number of pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors; histrelin is a GnRH analog.
Homatropine; Hydrocodone: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur. (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like hydrocodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Hydrocodone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like hydrocodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like hydrocodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Hydrocodone; Pseudoephedrine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like hydrocodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect. Avoid prescribing opioid cough medication in patients taking molindone.
Hydromorphone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like hydromorphone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Hyoscyamine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Hyoscyamine; Methenamine; Methylene Blue; Phenyl Salicylate; Sodium Biphosphate: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Ibuprofen; Oxycodone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like oxycodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Iloperidone: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Imipramine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Indacaterol; Glycopyrrolate: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Iodixanol: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Iohexol: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Iomeprol: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Iopamidol: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Iopromide: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Ioversol: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Isosulfan Blue: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Lacosamide: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Lamotrigine: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Lasmiditan: (Moderate) Monitor for excessive sedation and somnolence during coadministration of lasmiditan and molindone. Concurrent use may result in additive CNS depression.
Leuprolide: (Major) Avoid coadministration of leuprolide with molindone due to the risk of reduced efficacy of leuprolide. Molindone can cause hyperprolactinemia, which reduces the number of pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors; leuprolide is a GnRH analog.
Leuprolide; Norethindrone: (Major) Avoid coadministration of leuprolide with molindone due to the risk of reduced efficacy of leuprolide. Molindone can cause hyperprolactinemia, which reduces the number of pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors; leuprolide is a GnRH analog.
Levetiracetam: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages

of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Levocetirizine: (Moderate) Concurrent use of cetirizine/levocetirizine with molindone should generally be avoided. Coadministration may increase the risk of CNS depressant-related side effects. If concurrent use is necessary, monitor for excessive sedation and somnolence.
Levodopa: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and levodopa may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors. Animal studies have not shown increased toxicity when molindone is given concurrently with representative members of the antiparkinson drugs class.
Levorphanol: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like levorphanol with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Lithium: (Moderate) It is advisable to monitor patients for neurotoxicity during co-administration of lithium and molindone. Although conventional antipsychotics are considered a treatment option as adjuncts to mood stabilizers such as lithium, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) and extrapyramidal effects have been observed occasionally during concurrent use. Early case reports described an encephalopathic syndrome consisting of delirium, tremulousness, dyskinesia, seizures, leukocytosis, weakness, hyperpyrexia, confusion, extrapyramidal symptoms, elevations in laboratory values (e.g., liver function tests, blood urea nitrogen, fasting blood sugar) and, in some cases, irreversible brain damage, during use of lithium and conventional antipsychotics, particularly haloperidol. Subsequent rare reports of NMS or NMS-like reactions have been described during co-administration of lithium and atypical antipsychotics (e.g., risperidone, olanzapine, clozapine). Following resolution of NMS, there are isolated instances of re-emergence of symptoms following re-initiation of lithium as monotherapy. Lithium may be a risk factor for antipsychotic-induced NMS; however, this hypothesis has not been confirmed. In many reported cases, confounding factors have been present (e.g., previous history of NMS, high dose therapy). The ability of antipsychotics alone to precipitate NMS and the rarity of the condition further complicate assessment of lithium as a risk factor.
Lofexidine: (Major) Monitor for excessive hypotension and sedation during coadministration of lofexidine and molindone. Lofexidine can potentiate the effects of CNS depressants.
Lorazepam: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Loxapine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects might be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Lumateperone: (Moderate) Coadministration of antipsychotics, such as lumateperone and molindone, may increase the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from antipsychotic combinations has not been established and data are very limited, the risk may be increased during combined use versus use of an antipsychotic alone.
Lurasidone: (Major) Similar to other antipsychotics, lurasidone administration has been associated with drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and seizures. The risk of these adverse effects may be increased during concurrent use of lurasidone with other antipsychotics. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Maprotiline: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as maprotiline. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Meperidine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like meperidine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Meprobamate: (Moderate) The CNS-depressant effects of meprobamate can be potentiated with concomitant administration of other drugs known to cause CNS depression including molindone. Caution is advisable during concurrent use.
Metaxalone: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Methadone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like methadone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Methamphetamine: (Major) Concurrent use of antipsychotics and amphetamines should generally be avoided. Antipsychotics and amphetamines may interact pharmacodynamically to diminish the therapeutic effects of either agent through opposing effects on dopamine. Amphetamines are thought to block central dopamine reuptake, which has the potential to exacerbate psychosis, and antipsychotics, which are central dopamine antagonists, may diminish the effectiveness of amphetamines.
Methenamine; Sodium Acid Phosphate; Methylene Blue; Hyoscyamine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Methocarbamol: (Moderate) Molindone may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression thereby having additive effects with other drugs that can cause CNS depression such as methocarbamol. Caution is advisable during concurrent use.
Methscopolamine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Methsuximide: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Metoclopramide: (Contraindicated) Avoid metoclopramide in patients receiving molindone. There is a potential for additive effects, including increased frequency and severity of tardive dyskinesia (TD), other extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), and neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Some manufacturer labels for metoclopramide contraindicate the use of these drugs together, while others state avoidance is necessary. If these agents must be used together, monitor closely for movement disorders and additive CNS effects. There also may be additive sedation. Discontinue these medications at the first signs of dyskinesia.
Metyrapone: (Moderate) Metyrapone may cause dizziness and/or drowsiness. Other drugs that may also cause drowsiness, such as molindone, should be used with caution. Additive drowsiness and/or dizziness is possible.
Metyrosine: (Moderate) The extrapyramidal effects of molindone can be increased by concomitant administration of metyrosine.
Minocycline: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Mirtazapine: (Moderate) Molindone may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression thereby having additive effects with other drugs that can cause CNS depression such as mirtazapine. Caution is advisable during concurrent use.
Morphine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like morphine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Morphine; Naltrexone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like morphine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Nabilone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of nabilone with other CNS depressants like molindone can potentiate the effects of nabilone on respiratory depression.
Nafarelin: (Moderate) Antipsychotics may cause hyperprolactinemia and should not be administered concomitantly with nafarelin since hyperprolactinemia down-regulates the number of pituitary GnRH receptors.
Nalbuphine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of nalbuphine with other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can potentiate the effects of nalbuphine on respiratory depression, CNS depression, and sedation.
Neostigmine; Glycopyrrolate: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Non-Ionic Contrast Media: (Major) Molindone lowers the seizure threshold and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before myelography and should not be resumed for at least 24 hours postprocedure.
Nortriptyline: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Olanzapine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Olanzapine; Fluoxetine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Olanzapine; Samidorphan: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Oliceridine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like oliceridine with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Omadacycline: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Opicapone: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and COMT inhibitors may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors.
Orphenadrine: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Oxcarbazepine: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Oxybutynin: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Oxycodone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like oxycodone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Oxymorphone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like oxymorphone with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Paliperidone: (Major) Coadministration of antipsychotics, including molindone and paliperidone, should be avoided if possible. Additive adverse effects including hypotension, drowsiness, anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Pentazocine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of pentazocine with other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can potentiate respiratory depression, CNS depression, and sedation.
Pentazocine; Naloxone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of pentazocine with other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can potentiate respiratory depression, CNS depression, and sedation.
Pentobarbital: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Perampanel: (Moderate) Co-administration of perampanel with CNS depressants, including ethanol, may increase CNS depression. The combination of perampanel (particularly at high doses) with ethanol has led to decreased mental alertness and ability to perform complex tasks (such as driving), as well as increased levels of anger, confusion, and depression; similar reactions should be expected with concomitant use of other CNS depressants, such as molindone. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants.
Perphenazine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects might be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Perphenazine; Amitriptyline: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects might be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Phenobarbital: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Phenobarbital; Hyoscyamine; Atropine; Scopolamine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur. (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Phentermine; Topiramate: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Phenytoin: (Major) The oral absorption of phenytoin may be reduced by the Moban brand of molindone which contains calcium ions. Calcium products may form complexes with phenytoin that are nonabsorbable. Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Pimozide: (Major) Concurrent use of pimozide with molindone may increase the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, sedation, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, extrapyramidal symptoms, or seizures.
Pregabalin: (Moderate) Initiate pregabalin at the lowest recommended dose and monitor patients for symptoms of sedation and somnolence during coadministration of pregabalin and molindone. Concomitant use of pregabalin with molindone may cause additive CNS depression. Educate patients about the risks and symptoms of excessive CNS depression.
Primidone: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Prochlorperazine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects might be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Promethazine: (Moderate) Co-administration of promethazine with molindone may increase the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from these combinations has not been established and data are very limited, the risk may be increased during combined use versus use of an antipsychotic alone.
Promethazine; Dextromethorphan: (Moderate) Co-administration of promethazine with molindone may increase the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from these combinations has not been established and data are very limited, the risk may be increased during combined use versus use of an antipsychotic alone.
Promethazine; Phenylephrine: (Moderate) Co-administration of promethazine with molindone may increase the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from these combinations has not been established and data are very limited, the risk may be increased during combined use versus use of an antipsychotic alone.
Propantheline: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Protriptyline: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Quazepam: (Moderate) Concomitant administration of quazepam with CNS-depressant drugs, such as antipsychotics, can potentiate the CNS effects of either agent.
Quetiapine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Rasagiline: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and rasagiline may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic as an alternative to loxapine. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors.
Remifentanil: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like remifentanil with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Risperidone: (Major) Co-administration of risperidone with molindone may increase the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Rotigotine: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and rotigotine may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic as an alternative to molindone. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors. In addition, coadministration may result in additive sedation.
Rufinamide: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Safinamide: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, safinamide and molindone may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic as an alternative to molindone. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors.
Sarecycline: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Scopolamine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Sedating H1-blockers: (Moderate) An enhanced CNS depressant effect may occur when sedating h1-blockers are combined with other CNS depressants including molindone.
Selegiline: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, selegiline and molindone may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. If possible, avoid concurrent use and consider an atypical antipsychotic as an alternative to molindone. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors.
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: (Moderate) Simultaneous use of skeletal muscle relaxants and other CNS depressants, such as molindone, can increase CNS depression. In addition, antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Stiripentol: (Moderate) Monitor for excessive sedation and somnolence during coadministration of stiripentol and molindone. CNS depressants can potentiate the effects of stiripentol.
Sufentanil: (Moderate) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like sufentanil with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medication with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations needed to achieve the desired clinical effect.
Tapentadol: (Major) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like tapentadol with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medications with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, reduce initial dosage and titrate to clinical response; use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations. Educate patients about the risks and symptoms of excessive CNS depression.
Tetrabenazine: (Major) Concurrent use of molindone and tetrabenazine should generally be avoided since the risk of adverse effects such as drowsiness, sedation, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or extrapyramidal symptoms may be increased.
Tetracycline: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Tetracyclines: (Major) The tablet formulation of molindone contains calcium sulfate as an excipient and the calcium ions may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines. It may be advisable to consider an alternative to tetracycline treatment during molindone administration.
Thalidomide: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of thalidomide with antipsychotics due to the potential for additive sedative effects.
Thioridazine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects might be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Thiothixene: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects might be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation.
Tiagabine: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Tizanidine: (Moderate) Concurrent use of tizanidine and antipsychotics like molindone can cause additive CNS depression.
Tolcapone: (Major) Due to opposing effects on central dopaminergic activity, molindone and COMT inhibitors may interfere with the effectiveness of each other. Avoid concurrent use if possible and consider an atypical antipsychotic. If coadministration cannot be avoided, monitor for changes in movement, moods, or behaviors.
Topiramate: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Tramadol: (Major) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like tramadol with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medications with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, reduce initial dosage and titrate to clinical response; use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations. Also, concomitant use of tramadol increases the seizure risk in patients taking molindone.
Tramadol; Acetaminophen: (Major) Concomitant use of opioid agonists like tramadol with molindone may cause excessive sedation and somnolence. Limit the use of opioid pain medications with molindone to only patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. If concurrent use is necessary, reduce initial dosage and titrate to clinical response; use the lowest effective doses and minimum treatment durations. Also, concomitant use of tramadol increases the seizure risk in patients taking molindone.
Trazodone: (Moderate) Molindone may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression thereby having additive effects with other drugs that can cause CNS depression such as trazodone. Caution is advisable during concurrent use.
Tricyclic antidepressants: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Trifluoperazine: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia), extrapyramidal effects, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or seizures may occur. The likelihood of these pharmacodynamic interactions varies based upon the individual properties of the co-administered antipsychotic agent. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Trihexyphenidyl: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as antimuscarinics. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Trimipramine: (Moderate) Antipsychotics are associated with anticholinergic effects; therefore, additive effects may be seen during concurrent use of molindone and other drugs having anticholinergic activity such as tricyclic antidepressants. Clinicians should note that antimuscarinic effects may be seen not only on GI smooth muscle, but also on bladder function, the eye, and temperature regulation. Additive drowsiness or other CNS effects may also occur.
Triptorelin: (Major) Avoid coadministration of triptorelin with molindone due to the risk of reduced efficacy of triptorelin. Molindone can cause hyperprolactinemia, which reduces the number of pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors; triptorelin is a GnRH analog.
Valproic Acid, Divalproex Sodium: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Vigabatrin: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant.
Zaleplon: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive central nervous system (CNS) effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as zaleplon. Caution is advisable during concurrent use.
Ziconotide: (Moderate) Due to potentially additive effects, dosage adjustments may be necessary if ziconotide is used with a drug that has CNS depressant effects such as molindone. Coadministration of CNS depressants may increase drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion that are associated with ziconotide.
Ziprasidone: (Major) Close monitoring is advisable during concurrent use of molindone with other antipsychotics. Because molindone shares certain pharmacological properties with other antipsychotics, additive cardiac effects (e.g., hypotension), CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness), or anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, xerostomia) may occur. Although the incidence of tardive dyskinesia from combination antipsychotic therapy has not been established and data are very limited, the risk appears to be increased during use of a conventional and atypical antipsychotic versus use of a conventional antipsychotic alone.
Zolpidem: (Moderate) Additive CNS-depressant effects may occur with zolpidem and molindone. In addition, sleep-related behaviors, such as sleep-driving, are more likely to occur during concurrent use of zolpidem and other CNS depressants than with zolpidem alone.
Zonisamide: (Moderate) Consistent with the pharmacology of molindone, additive effects may occur with other CNS active drugs such as anticonvulsants. In addition, seizures have been reported during the use of molindone, which is of particular significance in patients with a seizure disorder receiving anticonvulsants. Adequate dosages of anticonvulsants should be continued when molindone is added; patients should be monitored for clinical evidence of loss of seizure control or the need for dosage adjustments of either molindone or the anticonvulsant. In addition, zonisamide may cause decreased sweating (oligohidrosis), elevated body temperature (hyperthermia), heat intolerance, or heat stroke. The manufacturer recommends caution in using concurrent drug therapies that may predispose patients to heat-related disorders such as antipsychotics. Monitor patients for heat intolerance, decreased sweating, or increased body temperature if zonisamide is used with any of these agents.

Moban/Molindone Hydrochloride Oral Tab: 5mg, 10mg, 25mg, 50mg

Adults

225 mg/day PO.

Geriatric

225 mg/day PO.

Adolescents

225 mg/day PO.

Children

Children >= 12 years: 225 mg/day PO.
Children < 12 years: Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Infants

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Neonates

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Dopamine mediates various effects in different portions of the brain. In the mesolimbic tract, a dopamine excess is thought to be responsible for the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. In the mesocortical tract, a reduction in dopamine activity may be responsible for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Reduced dopamine activity in the nigrostriatal tract may be related to decreased metabolic activity in the basal ganglia. The exact mechanism of molindone has not been described. However, in general, conventional antipsychotics non-selectively block dopamine (D2) receptors throughout the brain. Through blockade of dopamine in the mesolimbic tract, antipsychotics reduce the positive symptoms of schizophrenia; blockade in the mesocortical and nigrostriatal tracts can worsen negative symptoms and cognitive impairment, and produce extrapyramidal effects.
 
Antipsychotic-induced dopamine receptor blockade in the tuberoinfundibular tract results in prolactin release. This receptor blockade can cause hyperprolactinemia, which can lead to adverse effects such as weight gain and menstrual irregularity. Increases in prolactin are reversible upon drug withdrawal.
 
Dopamine blockade in the chemoreceptor trigger zone accounts for the antiemetic effects of many antipsychotics. Molindone exhibits an antiemetic effect in animals; a similar effect is possible in humans. The drug also possesses weak anticholinergic and alpha-adrenergic receptor blocking effects. Blockade of alpha1-adrenergic receptors produces sedation, muscle relaxation, and cardiovascular effects such as hypotension.

Molindone is administered orally. Protein binding is not clinically significant. Molindone is extensively metabolized. There are 36 known metabolites; however, the activity of these metabolites has not been described. The half-life is 1.5 hours. Less than 2 to 3% of a dose is excreted in urine and feces as the parent compound.
 
Affected cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes and drug transporters: CYP2D6
Molindone is a substrate of CYP2D6.

Oral Route

Molindone is rapidly absorbed and metabolized following oral administration; however, the bioavailability is unclear. After oral administration of the tablet, peak plasma concentrations occur in 1.5 hours. Pharmacological effects persist for 24 to 36 hours following a single dose.

Pregnancy

At this time, there is insufficient evidence to establish the safe use of molindone in humans during pregnancy. Animal reproductive studies have not demonstrated a teratogenic potential. The anticipated benefits to the mother must be weighed against the unknown risks to the fetus if used in pregnant patients. Neonates exposed to antipsychotic drugs during the third trimester of pregnancy are at risk for extrapyramidal and/or withdrawal symptoms following delivery. There have been reports of agitation, hypertonia, hypotonia, tremor, somnolence, respiratory distress and feeding disorder in these neonates. These complications have varied in severity; while in some cases symptoms have been self-limited, in other cases neonates have required intensive care unit support and prolonged hospitalization. The knowledge about long-term neurobehavioral effects in offspring is limited for all antipsychotic agents and requires further investigation. According to the American Psychiatric Association treatment guidelines for schizophrenia, consider pregnancy testing in women of childbearing potential prior to initiation of an antipsychotic. The National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications is dedicated to evaluating the safety of psychiatric medications that may be taken by women during pregnancy to treat a wide range of mood, anxiety, or psychiatric disorders. The primary goal of this Registry is to determine the frequency of major malformations, such as heart defects, cleft lip, or neural tube defects, in babies exposed to various psychiatric drugs during pregnancy. While the research concentrates on atypical antipsychotics and antidepressant use, pregnant women using other psychiatric medications are encouraged to register. For more information, contact the registry at https://womensmentalhealth.org/clinical-and-research-programs/pregnancyregistry or by phone 1-866-961-2388. It is not known if the effects of molindone on prolactin secretion affect labor and obstetric delivery.