DRUG INTERACTIONS
Abacavir; Lamivudine, 3TC; Zidovudine, ZDV: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and zidovudine, ZDV may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are substrates of OAT1 and OAT3. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 and OAT3 substrates.
Abciximab: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Acyclovir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and acyclovir may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are substrates of OAT1 and OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 and OCT1 substrates.
Adefovir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and adefovir may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are substrates of OAT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 substrates.
Aldesleukin, IL-2: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and aldesleukin due to the risk of additive hepatotoxicity. Coadministration may also increase the risk of additive myelosuppression and nephrotoxicity.
Aliskiren; Valsartan: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and valsartan, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving valsartan.
Alogliptin; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Alteplase: (Moderate) An increased risk of bleeding may occur when thrombolytic agents are used following agents that cause clinically significant thrombocytopenia including antineoplastic agents.
Amikacin: (Major) Avoid the concurrent and/or sequential use of amikacin and other nephrotoxic drugs such as clofarabine; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity.
Amlodipine; Celecoxib: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Amlodipine; Valsartan: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and valsartan, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving valsartan.
Amlodipine; Valsartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and valsartan, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving valsartan.
Anagrelide: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Anticoagulants: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Antithrombin III: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Apixaban: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Argatroban: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Aspirin, ASA; Dipyridamole: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Aspirin, ASA; Pravastatin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and pravastatin, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Azelastine; Fluticasone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, BCG: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Beclomethasone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Betamethasone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Betrixaban: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Bivalirudin: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Bosentan: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and bosentan, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Budesonide: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Budesonide; Formoterol: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Budesonide; Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Bupivacaine; Meloxicam: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Canagliflozin; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Cefadroxil: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and cefadroxil, an inhibitor of OAT1 and OAT3, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 and OAT3 inhibitors.
Cefazolin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and cefazolin, an inhibitor of OAT1 and OAT3, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 and OAT3 inhibitors.
Celecoxib: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Celecoxib; Tramadol: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Cerivastatin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and cerivastatin, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Chlorpheniramine; Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Cholera Vaccine: (Moderate) Patients receiving immunosuppressant medications may have a diminished response to the live cholera vaccine. When feasible, administer indicated vaccines prior to initiating immunosuppressant medications. Counsel patients receiving immunosuppressant medications about the possibility of a diminished vaccine response and to continue to follow precautions to avoid exposure to cholera bacteria after receiving the vaccine.
Ciclesonide: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Cidofovir: (Contraindicated) The concomitant use of cidofovir and clofarabine is contraindicated due to the potential for additive nephrotoxicity. Discontinue clofarabine 7 days prior to starting cidofovir.
Cilostazol: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Cimetidine: (Moderate) The concomitant use of clofarabine and cimetidine resulted in decreased clofarabine renal excretion in a preclinical study in rats. Cimetidine is a substrate for OAT3 and OCT2. Monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT3 or OCT2 substrates or inhibitors.
Clindamycin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and clindamycin may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Monitor for renal toxicity if concomitant use is required.
Clopidogrel: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Clozapine: (Major) It is unclear if concurrent use of other drugs known to cause neutropenia (e.g., antineoplastic agents) increases the risk or severity of clozapine-induced neutropenia. Because there is no strong rationale for avoiding clozapine in patients treated with these drugs, consider increased absolute neutrophil count (ANC) monitoring and consult the treating oncologist.
Corticosteroids: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Cortisone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Cyclosporine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and cyclosporine, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP inhibitors.
Cytarabine, ARA-C: (Minor) Clofarabine-cytarabine combination trials have not been completed to date; however, clofarabine is mechanistically like fludarabine. Thus, theoretically, a sequence-related interaction may occur during concurrent clofarabine and cytarabine treatment. The anti-cancer activity of cytarabine may be increased if clofarabine is given prior; while the activity of clofarabine may be decreased if cytarabine is given prior.
Dabigatran: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Dalteparin: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Danaparoid: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Dapagliflozin; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Dasabuvir; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and ritonavir, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Deflazacort: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Desipramine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1 and OCT2, and desipramine, a substrate of OCT1 and an inhibitor of OCT2, may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 and OCT2 substrates or inhibitors.
Desirudin: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Dexamethasone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Dextromethorphan; Quinidine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and quinidine, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Diclofenac: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Diclofenac; Misoprostol: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Diflunisal: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Digoxin: (Moderate) Some antineoplastic agents have been reported to decrease the absorption of digoxin tablets due to their adverse effects on the GI mucosa; the effect on digoxin liquid is not known. The reduction in digoxin tablet absorption has resulted in plasma concentrations that are 50% of pretreatment levels and has been clinically significant in some patients. It is prudent to closely monitor patients for loss of clinical efficacy of digoxin while receiving antineoplastic therapy.
Diphenhydramine; Ibuprofen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Diphenhydramine; Naproxen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Dipyridamole: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Disopyramide: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and disopyramide, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Donepezil; Memantine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and memantine may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT2. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT2 substrates.
Doravirine; Lamivudine; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and tenofovir; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and tenofovir are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Echinacea: (Major) Echinacea possesses immunostimulatory activity and may theoretically reduce the response to drugs that alter immune system activity like antineoplastic drugs. Although documentation is lacking, coadministration of echinacea with immunosuppressants is not recommended by some resources.
Edoxaban: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Efavirenz; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and tenofovir; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and tenofovir are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Efavirenz; Lamivudine; Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and tenofovir; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and tenofovir are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Elvitegravir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and tenofovir; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and tenofovir are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Empagliflozin; Linagliptin; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Empagliflozin; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Emtricitabine; Rilpivirine; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and tenofovir; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and tenofovir are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Emtricitabine; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and tenofovir; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and tenofovir are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Enoxaparin: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Eptifibatide: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Ertugliflozin; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Etodolac: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Famotidine; Ibuprofen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Febuxostat: (Major) Coadministration of febuxostat and cytotoxic antineoplastic agents has not been studied. After antineoplastic therapy, tumor cell breakdown may greatly increase the rate of purine metabolism to uric acid. Febuxostat inhibits uric acid formation, but does not affect xanthine and hypoxanthine formation. An increased renal load of these two uric acid precursors can occur and result in xanthine nephropathy and calculi.
Fenoprofen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Filgrastim, G-CSF: (Major) Filgrastim induces the proliferation of neutrophil-progenitor cells, and, because antineoplastic agents exert toxic effects against rapidly growing cells, filgrastim is contraindicated for use during the 24 hours before or after cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Fludrocortisone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Flunisolide: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Flurbiprofen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Fluticasone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Fluticasone; Salmeterol: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Fluticasone; Umeclidinium; Vilanterol: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Fluticasone; Vilanterol: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Fondaparinux: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Formoterol; Mometasone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Foscarnet: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and foscarnet; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity.
Gallium Ga 68 Dotatate: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and mannitol; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. The kidney is the primary route of elimination for both oral and IV mannitol.
Ganciclovir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and ganciclovir may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Gemfibrozil: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and gemfibrozil, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP inhibitors.
Gentamicin: (Major) Avoid the concurrent and/or sequential use of gentamicin and other nephrotoxic drugs such as clofarabine; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity.
Glipizide; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Glyburide; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Heparin: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Hydrocodone; Ibuprofen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Hydrocortisone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Ibuprofen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Ibuprofen; Oxycodone: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Ibuprofen; Pseudoephedrine: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Indomethacin: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Intranasal Influenza Vaccine: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Ketoprofen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Ketorolac: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Lamivudine, 3TC; Zidovudine, ZDV: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and zidovudine, ZDV may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are substrates of OAT1 and OAT3. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 and OAT3 substrates.
Lamivudine; Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and tenofovir; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and tenofovir are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Lansoprazole; Naproxen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Lepirudin: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Linagliptin; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Live Vaccines: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Lopinavir; Ritonavir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and ritonavir, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Mannitol: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and mannitol; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. The kidney is the primary route of elimination for both oral and IV mannitol.
Measles Virus; Mumps Virus; Rubella Virus; Varicella Virus Vaccine, Live: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Measles/Mumps/Rubella Vaccines, MMR: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Meclofenamate Sodium: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Mefenamic Acid: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Meloxicam: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Memantine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and memantine may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT2. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT2 substrates.
Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Metformin; Repaglinide: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates. (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and repaglinide, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Metformin; Rosiglitazone: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Metformin; Saxagliptin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Metformin; Sitagliptin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Methotrexate: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and methotrexate due to the risk of additive hepatotoxicity. Coadministration may also increase the risk of additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and methotrexate are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Methylprednisolone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Midazolam: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and midazolam, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Mometasone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Nabumetone: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Naproxen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Naproxen; Esomeprazole: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Naproxen; Pseudoephedrine: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Nebivolol; Valsartan: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and valsartan, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving valsartan.
Neomycin: (Major) Avoid the concurrent and/or sequential use of neomycin and other nephrotoxic drugs such as clofarabine; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity.
Nirmatrelvir; Ritonavir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and ritonavir, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Ritonavir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and ritonavir, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Oxaprozin: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Palifermin: (Moderate) Palifermin should not be administered within 24 hours before, during infusion of, or within 24 hours after administration of antineoplastic agents.
Pegfilgrastim: (Major) Pegfilgrastim induces the proliferation of neutrophil-progenitor cells, and because antineoplastic agents exert toxic effects against rapidly growing cells, pegfilgrastim should not be given 14 days before or for 24 hours after cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Penicillamine: (Major) Do not use penicillamine with antineoplastic agents due to the increased risk of developing severe hematologic and renal toxicity.
Pentamidine: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and pentamidine if possible; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Monitor patients closely for signs of renal toxicity if concomitant use is required.
Pentosan: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Pentoxifylline: (Minor) Clofarabine is mechanistically similar to fludarabine. Therefore, documented drug-drug interactions with fludarabine may potentially occur with clofarabine. These interactions are theoretic. While combination regimens containing clofarabine and pentoxifylline have not been studied, additive cytotoxic effects of fludarabine may be seen when the drug is given in combination with pentoxifylline.
Phenoxybenzamine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1 and OCT2, and phenoxybenzamine, an inhibitor of OCT1 and OCT2, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 and OCT2 inhibitors.
Pioglitazone; Metformin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and metformin may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are a substrate of OCT1. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 substrates.
Piroxicam: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Pitavastatin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and pitavastatin, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Platelet Inhibitors: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Prasugrel: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Pravastatin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and pravastatin, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Prednisolone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Prednisone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Probenecid: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and probenecid, an inhibitor of OAT1 and OAT3, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 and OAT3 inhibitors.
Probenecid; Colchicine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and probenecid, an inhibitor of OAT1 and OAT3, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 and OAT3 inhibitors.
Quinidine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and quinidine, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Quinine: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1 and OCT2, and quinine, an inhibitor of OCT1 and OCT2, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 and OCT2 inhibitors.
Repaglinide: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and repaglinide, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Reteplase, r-PA: (Moderate) An increased risk of bleeding may occur when thrombolytic agents are used following agents that cause clinically significant thrombocytopenia including antineoplastic agents.
Ritonavir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and ritonavir, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Rivaroxaban: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Rofecoxib: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Rosuvastatin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and rosuvastatin, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Rosuvastatin; Ezetimibe: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and rosuvastatin, a substrate of OAT protein (OATP), may result in altered clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP substrates.
Rotavirus Vaccine: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Rubella Virus Vaccine Live: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Sacubitril; Valsartan: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and valsartan, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving valsartan.
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccines: (Moderate) Patients receiving immunosuppressant medications may have a diminished response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine. When feasible, administer indicated vaccines prior to initiating immunosuppressant medications. Counsel patients receiving immunosuppressant medications about the possibility of a diminished vaccine response and to continue to follow precautions to avoid exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus after receiving the vaccine.
Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Smallpox Vaccine, Vaccinia Vaccine: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Streptokinase: (Moderate) An increased risk of bleeding may occur when thrombolytic agents are used following agents that cause clinically significant thrombocytopenia including antineoplastic agents.
Streptomycin: (Major) Avoid the concurrent and/or sequential use of streptomycin and other nephrotoxic drugs such as clofarabine; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity.
Streptozocin: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and streptozocin due to the risk of additive hepatotoxicity. Coadministration may also increase the risk of additive nephrotoxicity.
Sulindac: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Sumatriptan; Naproxen: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Tbo-Filgrastim: (Major) Filgrastim induces the proliferation of neutrophil-progenitor cells, and, because antineoplastic agents exert toxic effects against rapidly growing cells, filgrastim is contraindicated for use during the 24 hours before or after cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Telaprevir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and telaprevir, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP inhibitors.
Telithromycin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and telithromycin, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP inhibitors.
Tenecteplase: (Moderate) An increased risk of bleeding may occur when thrombolytic agents are used following agents that cause clinically significant thrombocytopenia including antineoplastic agents.
Tenofovir, PMPA: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of clofarabine and tenofovir; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Additionally, taking these drugs together may alter clofarabine concentrations; clofarabine and tenofovir are both substrates of OAT1 and OAT3.
Teriflunomide: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and teriflunomide, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OATP inhibitors.
Thrombolytic Agents: (Moderate) An increased risk of bleeding may occur when thrombolytic agents are used following agents that cause clinically significant thrombocytopenia including antineoplastic agents.
Ticagrelor: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Ticlopidine: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Tinzaparin: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Tirofiban: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Tobramycin: (Major) Avoid the concurrent and/or sequential use of tobramycin (IV injection and inhalation solution) and other nephrotoxic drugs such as clofarabine; coadministration may result in additive nephrotoxicity. If the use of tobramycin inhalation solution and clofarabine is required, monitor tobramycin serum concentrations and renal function.
Tolmetin: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Trandolapril; Verapamil: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and verapamil, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Triamcinolone: (Minor) Because systemically administered corticosteroids exhibit immunosuppressive effects when given in high doses and/or for extended periods, additive effects may be seen with other immunosuppressives or antineoplastic agents.
Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative, PPD: (Moderate) Immunosuppressives may decrease the immunological response to tuberculin purified protein derivative, PPD. This suppressed reactivity can persist for up to 6 weeks after treatment discontinuation. Consider deferring the skin test until completion of the immunosuppressive therapy.
Typhoid Vaccine: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Urokinase: (Moderate) An increased risk of bleeding may occur when thrombolytic agents are used following agents that cause clinically significant thrombocytopenia including antineoplastic agents.
Valdecoxib: (Major) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs. In addition, large doses of salicylates (>= 3-4 g/day) can cause hypoprothrombinemia, an additional risk factor for bleeding.
Valsartan: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and valsartan, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving valsartan.
Valsartan; Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OAT1 and OAT3, and valsartan, an inhibitor of OAT protein (OATP), may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving valsartan.
Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine, Live: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Verapamil: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine, a substrate of OCT1, and verapamil, an inhibitor of OCT1, may result in increased clofarabine levels. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OCT1 inhibitors.
Voclosporin: (Moderate) Concomitant use of voclosporin and clofarabine may result in additive nephrotoxicity. Monitor for renal toxicity if concomitant use is required.
Vorapaxar: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of antineoplastics an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant platelet inhibitors.
Warfarin: (Moderate) Due to the thrombocytopenic effects of clofarabine, an additive risk of bleeding may be seen in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulants.
Yellow Fever Vaccine, Live: (Contraindicated) Live virus vaccines should generally not be administered to an immunosuppressed patient. Live virus vaccines may induce the illness they are intended to prevent and are generally contraindicated for use during immunosuppressive treatment. The immune response of the immunocompromised patient to vaccines may be decreased, even despite alternate vaccination schedules or more frequent booster doses. If immunization is necessary, choose an alternative to live vaccination, or, consider a delay or change in the immunization schedule. Practitioners should refer to the most recent CDC guidelines regarding vaccination of patients who are receiving drugs that adversely affect the immune system
Zidovudine, ZDV: (Moderate) Concomitant use of clofarabine and zidovudine, ZDV may result in altered clofarabine levels because both agents are substrates of OAT1 and OAT3. Therefore, monitor for signs of clofarabine toxicity such as gastrointestinal toxicity (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation), hematologic toxicity, and skin toxicity (e.g. hand and foot syndrome, rash, pruritus) in patients also receiving OAT1 and OAT3 substrates.