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dupilumab
Classes
Dermatitis Monoclonal Antibodies
Immunotherapies for Reactive and Obstructive Airway Diseases
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) Inhibitors
Administration
Administer by subcutaneous injection only.
Available in a prefilled syringe and prefilled pen for ease of patient administration. The prefilled pen is for use in adults and pediatric patients 2 years and older. The prefilled syringe is for use in adult and pediatric patients aged 6 months and older. Adults and pediatric patients 12 years and older who are properly trained in the injection technique may self-inject using the prefilled pen or prefilled syringe if the prescriber deems the action appropriate. For patients 12 to 17 years, it is recommended that the injection be given by or under the supervision of an adult. For patients 6 months to 11 years, the injection should only be given by a caregiver. The patient should not inject themselves, nor should a caregiver inject someone else, until proper training in subcutaneous injection is complete. A health care professional can show the patient or the caregiver how to prepare and inject a dose before they try to do it for the first time.
Visually inspect parenteral products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit. The solution should be clear to slightly opalescent or colorless to pale yellow. Do not use if the solution contains visible particulate matter or is discolored or cloudy (other than acceptable coloration).
Do not use the syringe if it has been dropped on a hard surface, damaged or the needle cap is not securely attached. Do not use the pen if it has been damaged, if the cap is not securely attached, or if the window is yellow.
Remove the product from the refrigerator and allow it to reach room temperature before injecting (i.e., 30 minutes for 200 mg syringe, 200 mg pen, and 100 mg syringe; 45 minutes for 300 mg syringe and pen). Do not remove the cap while allowing it to reach room temperature. Lay the product on a flat surface; do not shake the product. Use within 14 days after removal from the refrigerator or discard.
Wash your hands and clean the injection site(s) with an alcohol wipe. Allow the alcohol to dry before injecting. Do not touch or blow on the injection site after it has been cleansed.
For the initial dose of 400 mg or 600 mg, administer each of the two 200 mg or 300 mg injections, respectively, at different injection sites.
Rotate injection sites on the front of the thighs and abdomen. Avoid injecting the area that is 2 inches around the navel. The upper arm can also be used if a caregiver administers the injection. Do not inject tender, damaged, bruised, or scarred skin. Do not inject through clothing.
Instructions for use of prefilled syringe:
Check the window on the pen to verify the solution is clear and colorless to pale yellow; air bubbles may be seen, this is normal.
When ready to inject, remove the needle cap by pulling it straight off. Do not put the needle cap back on after it has been removed. Do not press or touch the yellow needle cover.
Hold the syringe in the middle of the syringe body with the needle pointing away from you and pull off the needle cap. Do not touch the needle.
Pinch a fold of skin at the injection site with your opposite hand.
Insert the needle completely into the fold of the skin at a 45-degree angle.
Relax the pinch and push the plunger rod down slowly and steadily as far as it will go until the syringe is empty. You will feel some resistance; this is normal.
Keep pressing down on the plunger and remove the needle from the skin at the same angle it was inserted. Do not put the needle cap back on.
Once the needle is out of the skin, lift your thumb to retract the needle up into the needle shield.
Instructions for use of prefilled pen:
Check the window on the pen to verify the solution is clear and colorless to pale yellow; air bubbles may be seen, this is normal.
When ready to inject, remove the cap by pulling it straight off. Do not twist the cap off. Do not put the cap back on after it has been removed. Do not press or touch the needle cover.
Hold the pen in your hand, so you can see the window.
Place the orange needle cover on the skin at approximately a 90-degree angle.
Press down on the pen until you cannot see the needle cover. You will hear a click when the injection starts.
Keep pressing down and watch the window turn yellow. The window will turn completely yellow, and you will hear a second click.
Keep pressing down and count to 5 to make sure the full dose is injected.
Pull the pen straight up.
If the window did not turn completely yellow, or if it looks like medicine is still coming out of the pen, the full dose may not have been administered. Dispose of the pen and call your health care provider for instructions.
Lightly press a cotton ball or gauze onto the injection site if you see any blood. Do not rub your skin after the injection.
All products are single-use only; the drug solution does not contain preservatives. Immediately discard the syringe and any unused product in a proper sharps disposal container.[61836]
Adverse Reactions
keratitis / Delayed / 0-4.0
erythema nodosum / Delayed / 0-1.0
erythema multiforme / Delayed / 0-1.0
serum sickness / Delayed / 0-1.0
exfoliative dermatitis / Delayed / 0-1.0
thromboembolism / Delayed / 0-0.9
stroke / Early / 0-0.9
myocardial infarction / Delayed / 0-0.9
angioedema / Rapid / Incidence not known
conjunctivitis / Delayed / 2.0-20.0
antibody formation / Delayed / 1.0-16.0
eosinophilia / Delayed / 0-8.0
blepharitis / Early / 0-5.0
gastritis / Delayed / 0-2.0
blurred vision / Early / Incidence not known
injection site reaction / Rapid / 6.0-38.0
infection / Delayed / 1.0-18.0
pharyngitis / Delayed / 5.0-5.0
arthralgia / Delayed / 2.0-3.0
diarrhea / Early / 3.0-3.0
myalgia / Early / 3.0-3.0
dizziness / Early / 3.0-3.0
musculoskeletal pain / Early / 3.0-3.0
vertigo / Early / 3.0-3.0
ocular pruritus / Rapid / 1.0-2.0
xerophthalmia / Early / 0-2.0
throat irritation / Early / 2.0-2.0
rash / Early / 0-1.0
urticaria / Rapid / 0-1.0
dental pain / Delayed / 1.0-1.0
insomnia / Early / 0-1.0
Common Brand Names
DUPIXENT
Dea Class
Rx
Description
Human monoclonal antibody and interleukin-4 receptor antagonist; administered subcutaneously
Used for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in pediatric patients 6 months and older, allergic asthma in patients 6 years and older, eosinophilic esophagitis in patients 12 years and older, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) in adults, and prurigo nodularis in adults
Do not use for acute bronchospasm
Dosage And Indications
NOTE: Dupilumab can be used with or without topical corticosteroids. Topical calcineurin inhibitors may be used, but should be reserved for problem areas only, such as the face, neck, intertriginous and genital areas.
600 mg subcutaneously once, followed by 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.[61836]
600 mg subcutaneously once, followed by 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.[61836]
400 mg subcutaneously once, followed by 200 mg subcutaneously every other week.[61836]
600 mg subcutaneously once, followed by 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks.[61836]
300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks.[61836]
200 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks.[61836]
300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
400 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 200 mg subcutaneously every other week or 600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
400 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 200 mg subcutaneously every other week or 600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
200 mg subcutaneously every other week.
100 mg subcutaneously every other week or 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks.
600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
200 mg subcutaneously every other week.
100 mg subcutaneously every other week or 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks.
600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.[61836]
400 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 200 mg subcutaneously every other week.[61836]
600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks.[61836]
600 mg subcutaneously as a single dose, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
300 mg subcutaneously once weekly.
300 mg subcutaneously once weekly.
600 mg subcutaneously initially (administered as two 300 mg injections), followed by 300 mg subcutaneously every other week.
Dosing Considerations
Specific guidelines for dosage adjustments in hepatic impairment are not available; it appears that no dosage adjustments are needed.
Specific guidelines for dosage adjustments in renal impairment are not available; it appears that no dosage adjustments are needed.
Drug Interactions
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, BCG: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Carbamazepine: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to carbamazepine. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as carbamazepine. Monitor carbamazepine concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking carbamazepine; carbamazepine dose adjustments may be needed.
Cholera Vaccine: (Moderate) Patients receiving immunosuppressant medications may have a diminished response to the live cholera vaccine. When feasible, administer indicated vaccines prior to initiating immunosuppressant medications. Counsel patients receiving immunosuppressant medications about the possibility of a diminished vaccine response and to continue to follow precautions to avoid exposure to cholera bacteria after receiving the vaccine.
Cyclosporine: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to cyclosporine. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as cyclosporine. Monitor cyclosporine concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking cyclosporine; cyclosporine dose adjustments may be needed.
Digoxin: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to digoxin. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as digoxin. Monitor digoxin concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking digoxin; digoxin dose adjustments may be needed.
Ethosuximide: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to ethosuximide. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as ethosuximide. Monitor ethosuximide concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking ethosuximide; ethosuximide dose adjustments may be needed.
Fosphenytoin: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to fosphenytoin. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as fosphenytoin. Monitor phenytoin concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking fosphenytoin; fosphenytoin dose adjustments may be needed.
Intranasal Influenza Vaccine: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Lithium: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to lithium. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as lithium. Monitor lithium concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking lithium; lithium dose adjustments may be needed.
Live Vaccines: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Measles Virus; Mumps Virus; Rubella Virus; Varicella Virus Vaccine, Live: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Measles/Mumps/Rubella Vaccines, MMR: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Phenytoin: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to phenytoin. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as phenytoin. Monitor phenytoin concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking phenytoin; phenytoin dose adjustments may be needed.
Procainamide: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to procainamide. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as procainamide. Monitor procainamide concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking procainamide; procainamide dose adjustments may be needed.
Rotavirus Vaccine: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccines: (Moderate) Patients receiving immunosuppressant medications may have a diminished response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine. When feasible, administer indicated vaccines prior to initiating immunosuppressant medications. Counsel patients receiving immunosuppressant medications about the possibility of a diminished vaccine response and to continue to follow precautions to avoid exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus after receiving the vaccine.
Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Smallpox Vaccine, Vaccinia Vaccine: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Tacrolimus: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to tacrolimus. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as tacrolimus. Monitor tacrolimus concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking tacrolimus; tacrolimus dose adjustments may be needed.
Theophylline, Aminophylline: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to theophylline. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as theophylline. Monitor theophylline concentrations if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking theophylline; theophylline dose adjustments may be needed.
Typhoid Vaccine: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine, Live: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
Warfarin: (Moderate) Coadministration of dupilumab may result in altered exposure to warfarin. During chronic inflammation, increased levels of certain cytokines can alter the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Thus, the formation of CYP450 enzymes could be normalized during dupilumab administration. Clinically relevant drug interactions may occur with CYP450 substrates that have a narrow therapeutic index such as warfarin. Monitor the INR if dupilumab is initiated or discontinued in a patient taking warfarin; warfarin dose adjustments may be needed.
Yellow Fever Vaccine, Live: (Major) Avoid administration of live vaccines to dupilumab recipients. Before initiation of dupilumab therapy, consider completion of all age appropriate vaccinations per current immunization guidelines. No data are available on the response to live vaccines in patients receiving dupilumab therapy.
How Supplied
DUPIXENT Subcutaneous Inj Sol: 1mL, 150mg, 175mg
Maximum Dosage
600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis, asthma, or prurigo nodularis; 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis; 300 mg subcutaneously once weekly for eosinophilic esophagitis.
600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis, asthma, or prurigo nodularis; 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis; 300 mg subcutaneously once weekly for eosinophilic esophagitis.
weighing 60 kg or more: 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis or asthma; 300 mg subcutaneously once weekly for eosinophilic esophagitis.
weighing 40 to 59 kg: 400 mg subcutaneously initially, then 200 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis; 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for asthma; 300 mg subcutaneously once weekly for eosinophilic esophagitis.
weighing 30 to 39 kg: 400 mg subcutaneously initially, then 200 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis; 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for asthma.
weighing 15 to 29 kg: 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks for atopic dermatitis; 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for asthma.
12 years:
weighing 60 kg or more: 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis or asthma; 300 mg subcutaneously once weekly for eosinophilic esophagitis.
weighing 40 to 59 kg: 400 mg subcutaneously initially, then 200 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis; 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for asthma; 300 mg subcutaneously once weekly for eosinophilic esophagitis.
weighing 30 to 39 kg: 400 mg subcutaneously initially, then 200 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis; 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for asthma.
weighing 15 to 29 kg: 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks for atopic dermatitis; 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for asthma.
6 to 11 years:
weighing 60 kg or more: 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis or asthma and co-morbid atopic dermatitis; 200 mg subcutaneously every other week for asthma.
weighing 30 to 59 kg: 400 mg subcutaneously initially, then 200 mg subcutaneously every other week for atopic dermatitis or asthma and co-morbid atopic dermatitis; 200 mg subcutaneously every other week for asthma.
weighing 15 to 29 kg: 600 mg subcutaneously initially, then 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks for atopic dermatitis or asthma and co-morbid atopic dermatitis; 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks for asthma.
1 to 5 years:
weighing 15 to 29 kg: 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks for atopic dermatitis.
weighing 5 to 14 kg: 200 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks for atopic dermatitis.
6 to 11 months:
weighing 15 to 29 kg: 300 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks for atopic dermatitis.
weighing 5 to 14 kg: 200 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks for atopic dermatitis.
1 to 5 months:
Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Mechanism Of Action
Dupilumab is a human monoclonal IgG4 antibody that inhibits interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) signaling by binding specifically to the IL-4R alpha subunit shared by the IL-4 and IL-13 receptor complexes. By blocking IL-4R alpha, dupilumab inhibits IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine-induced inflammatory response, including the release of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, nitric oxide, and IgE, which plays a role in the development of asthma and atopic dermatitis. Consistent with receptor blockade, serum levels of IL-4 and IL-13 are increased following dupilumab treatment.[61836]
Pharmacokinetics
Dupilumab is administered subcutaneously. The pharmacokinetics of dupilumab are similar in subjects with atopic dermatitis, asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP), and prurigo nodularis. The estimated total Vd of dupilumab is approximately 4.8 +/- 1.3 L. The metabolic pathway of dupilumab is unknown; however, as a human monoclonal IgG4 antibody, dupilumab is expected to be degraded into small peptides and amino acids via catabolic pathways in a similar manner as endogenous IgG. In clinical trials, after the last steady-state dose of dupilumab 300 mg every 2 weeks, 300 mg weekly, 200 mg every 2 weeks, 300 mg every 4 weeks, or 200 mg every 4 weeks, the median times to non-detectable concentration (less than 78 ng/mL) ranged from 9 to 13 weeks in patients 12 years and older. Formation of anti-drug antibodies results in reduced systemic exposure of dupilumab. A few subjects who had high antibody titers also had no detectable dupilumab concentrations.[61836]
Affected cytochrome P450 isoenzymes: CYP2D6
No clinically significant changes in exposure were observed when dupilumab was administered concurrently with substrates of CYP3A4 (midazolam), CYP2C9 (warfarin), CYP2C19 (omeprazole), CYP2D6 (metoprolol), and CYP1A2 (caffeine). The largest effect was observed with metoprolol (CYP2D6), with an exposure increase of 29%.[61836]
After an initial subcutaneous dose of 600 mg or 400 mg, dupilumab reaches peak concentrations of 70.1 +/- 24.1 mcg/mL or 41.8 +/- 12.4 mcg/mL, respectively, by approximately 1-week post dose. The bioavailability of dupilumab after a subcutaneous dose ranges from 61% to 64%. In clinical studies, steady-state concentrations were achieved by week 16 after administration of a 600 mg initial dose and 300 mg either weekly or every other week or 400 mg initial dose and 200 mg given every 2 weeks. Mean steady-state concentrations ranged from 60.3 +/- 35.1 mcg/mL to 79.9 +/- 41.4 mcg/mL for 300 mg administered every 2 weeks, from 173 +/- 75.9 mcg/mL to 193 +/- 77 mcg/mL for 300 mg administered weekly, and 29.2 +/- 18.7 mcg/mL to 36.5 +/- 22.2 mcg/mL for 200 mg administered every 2 weeks. Dupilumab exhibits nonlinear target-mediated pharmacokinetics with exposures increasing greater than a dose-proportional manner. The systemic exposure increased by 30-fold when the dose was increased 8-fold after a single dose of dupilumab from 75 mg to 600 mg (i.e., 0.25- to 2-times the recommended dose).[61836]
Pregnancy And Lactation
Limited data from case reports and case series with dupilumab use during pregnancy have not identified a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse outcomes. Human IgG antibodies are known to cross the placental barrier; therefore, dupilumab may be transmitted from the mother to the developing fetus. Animal data from monkeys in an enhanced pre- and post-natal developmental study showed no adverse developmental effects on embryofetal toxicity or malformations, or on morphological, functional, or immunological development in offspring from birth to 6 months of age after subcutaneous administration of a homologous IL-4R alpha antibody up to 10-times the maximum recommended human dose (on a mg/kg basis of 100 mg/kg/week). There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors outcomes in pregnant patients exposed to dupilumab; information about the registry can be obtained at mothertobaby.org/ongoing-study/dupixent or by calling 1-877-311-8972.[61836]
There are no data on the presence of dupilumab in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. Human IgG is known to be present in human milk; however, the effects of gastrointestinal and limited systemic exposure to dupilumab on the breastfed infant are unknown. Weigh the benefits of breast-feeding along with the mother's clinical need for dupilumab and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant or from the underlying maternal condition prior to using dupilumab.